Word: kharg
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...driven the Iranians back almost to the border. The Iraqis were fighting harder in defense of their country than they had fought during their long, misguided adventure in Iran. U.S. intelligence sources confirmed that Iraqi MiG-21s had staged an air attack on the Iranian petroleum facilities at Kharg Island. Damage was said to be light, but the incident was bound to have a discouraging effect on tankers bound for the island...
...petroleum industries of both countries, and particularly Iraq, are quite vulnerable. After its attack on Iran's Kharg Island faculties last week, Iraq reportedly warned Japan that its tankers should stop using the island. If Iran decides to retaliate in kind, it would probably aim first at the Iraq-Turkey pipeline, the only export route now available for Iraqi oil, and at the scattered fields to the west of Basra. A determined Iran could take Iraq out of the oil business for as long as two years. But even if warfare should paralyze the oil industries of Iran, Iraq...
Both sides continued to pummel each other with air raids, although neither Iran nor Iraq, curiously, attacked each other's vulnerable oil wells. Iraqi warplanes bombed several factories on the edge of Tehran International Airport, a refinery at Tabriz and the oil-loading terminal at Kharg Island. Iran concentrated its bombing raids on the northern Iraqi cities of Kirkuk, Mosul and Baghdad. Tehran claimed it had shot down 57 Iraqi planes, destroyed scores of tanks and armored personnel carriers, as well as six missile boats, a merchant ship and 67 military bases and key industrial sites. Tehran also claimed...
...though in revenge for the Iraqi bombing of Kharg Island, Iran's main outlet for oil, the week before, the Iranians also launched repeated bombing raids against the refineries of Basra, the pumping stations around Kirkuk and Mosul, and the oil port of Fao at the mouth of Shatt al Arab. Tehran even sent a few of its sophisticated U.S.-made F-14s into the war; they were flown sparingly, but according to Iranian reports their Phoenix air-to-air missiles succeeded in downing more than a dozen Iraqi...
...result of the fighting, Iran's elaborate refinery complex at Abadan, its tank farms at Kharg Island and Iraq's aging Kirkuk production fields have been so badly damaged that repairs could take three to six months under the best of circumstances. Remarked one top energy expert in Brussels last week: "If Iran and Iraq kiss and make up tomorrow, the market would still have to reckon with a profound impact-a price increase no matter...