Word: khomeini
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...Salman Rushdie hadn't been sentenced to death by Ayatullah Khomeini and if he weren't chummy with the likes of Kylie Minogue, he would be famous merely for being one of the world's greatest living writers. He chats with TIME's Lev Grossman about his new novel, Shalimar the Clown (coming in September), the crisis in Kashmir, the nature of tragedy and the future of the Klingon race...
...September 11, 2001, orchestrated by Saudi native Osama bin Laden and carried out by 15 Saudi militants, ensured that Fahd would go down in history as the Saudi ruler who turned a blind eye to growing Islamic extremism. To protect the regime from spreading Islamic revolution following Ayatullah Khomeini's overthrow of the Shah of Iran, Fahd gave the Kingdom's ultra conservative Islamic establishment the green light to promote an ever rigid Wahhabi form of Islam so long as it continued to recognize the legitimacy of the House of Saud as Saudi Arabia's political leadership. After the Soviet...
...basij are on a roll right now, having organized the get-out-the-vote effort that propelled hard-liner Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to a landslide victory in last month's presidential election. The militia, whose name means mobilization in Persian, was created by Ayatullah Khomeini in the 1980s to recruit young men to fight against Iraq. But a decade later, they took on the role of an official morality police, becoming better known for raiding parties than for raiding the Iraqi front line. June's election, however, marked the first use of the basij as a mobilizing tool in electoral politics...
...biggest winner in this election is Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatullah Ali Khamenei. Since succeeding to the head of the theocracy with the death of Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini in 1989, Khamenei has always had to contend with rival conservatives like Rafsanjani or with reformist Mohammed Khatami, who has held the presidency since then. While that office has always been much less powerful than that of the venerable Supreme Leader (Khamenei, while theoretically above politics, runs Iranian foreign and nuclear policy from behind closed doors), the presidency has been a strategic bully pulpit for those with ideas different from the theocracy...
...work out details of two of the deals. Another participant in the session was retired Israeli Brigadier General Avraham Baram, 52, a former tank commander. His presence raised questions about possible official involvement by Israel, which ran a profitable aboveboard arms trade with Iran until 1979. Even though the Khomeini regime is a sworn enemy of Israel, Jerusalem views the drawn-out war as a useful drain on the resources of Iraq, a closer and more dangerous foe. Baram insisted that the Israeli "defense establishment" was aware of his activities. But the Israeli Defense Ministry quickly denied any "direct, indirect...