Word: khrushchev
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Westward Neutral. And yet, seven years of hard fighting and difficult diplomatic maneuvering have made relatively sophisticated men of the F.L.N. political leaders. They know that the Soviet Union's longtime reluctance to recognize their government stemmed from Nikita Khrushchev's fear of offending De Gaulle, whom he hoped to use to split the NATO alliance. They are aware that Red Chinese aid was given more to embarrass the West than to help the F.L.N. Even fiery anticolonialist Dr. Frantz Fanon said contemptuously: "If the Communist powers really cared, they would have made a major effort to help...
...great marble hall where he once bragged of beating U.S. meat and milk output, Nikita Khrushchev last week told Soviet leaders what every Moscow housewife knows. With 12,000,000 more citizens to feed than three years ago, Russian agriculture actually produced less food last year than in 1958 and is lagging so far behind Khrushchev's ambitious targets that it "seriously threatens" the entire seven-year plan. Russians are in no danger of starvation and in fact are better fed than in Stalin's day. But production of grain, sugar beets, vegetables and butter has remained level...
...cause of building Communism." To get Red farms in the black, he demanded sweeping, immediate reforms that include doubling the output of farm machines, a tenfold boost in fertilizer production by 1980, and increased "Leninist incentives" (i.e., pay for peasants). Burying his seven-year-old decentralization program, Khrushchev put responsibility for agriculture on a vast central administration. With all the fervor of his old crusade for corn, he even plugged a brand-new party-line panacea: abandonment of Stalin's system of sowing grain fields to grass every few years.* Instead of allowing almost half the valuable land...
Some Western diplomats deduced hopefully that Khrushchev would now press seriously for disarmament, argued that the vast investment needed for his farm program could come only from the Soviet defense budget. However, most Soviet experts agree that Khrushchev cannot afford to gamble with national security or alienate the army, which reportedly is already suspicious of his faith in peaceful coexistence. Khrushchev is inextricably committed to butter as well as guns, sirloin as well as sputniks. He has long since staked his political survival on raising Russian living standards, and last week even declared approvingly that Marxism-Leninism, like U.S. capitalism...
Whatever his new targets, in Khrushchev's own phrase, "statistics don't fry pancakes." Few experts expect Russia to have any farm surplus problem for years to come. It is perhaps Communism's greatest failure that nowhere has it satisfied man's most fundamental demand in life, to be properly fed. Throughout the Communist empire, from Castro's Cuba to Mao's China, breadline societies are an inevitable result of Marxism's ingrained distrust of the peasantry and its insistence on headlong industrialization...