Word: khrushchevism
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Humphrey's involvement in world affairs led to his appointment by Eisenhower as a delegate to the U.N., the World Health Organization and UNESCO. He traveled extensively, attended the Geneva disarmament talks, had his celebrated 81-hour Kremlin exchange with Nikita Khrushchev in 1958 and became chairman of the Sen ate disarmament subcommittee, whose recommendations helped pave the way for the 1963 nuclear test ban treaty. Appointed majority whip...
...attacking Stalin you were attacking Marxism-Leninism, the Soviet Union, Communist parties, China, the people and all the Marxist-Leninists of the world." Invidious comparisons of Soviet Party Boss Leonid Brezhnev and Premier Aleksei Kosygin quickly followed: "After Stalin's death, the leaders of Russia, headed by Khrushchev, embarked on the old path of the German Social Democrats Bernstein and Kautsky, who betrayed Marx and Engels...
...Modicum of Courage. Eastern Europe's breakaway from Russian rule began in 1956, when Nikita Khrushchev denounced Stalin at the Soviet 20th Party Congress in his seven-hour "secret speech." By cracking the icon of invincibility that had held Russia in thrall, Khrushchev also unlocked-unwittingly-the forces of Eastern European nationalism. Says one Washington observer: "Nationalism is the strongest force in Eastern Europe today, stronger than ideology, stronger than the Communist parties themselves." Columbia's Kremlinologist Zbigniew Brzezinski puts it flatly: "East Europe is where the dream of Communist internationalism lies buried...
...Khrushchev's speech was coincidental with popular anti-Communist risings in Poland and Hungary. Nations that had been captured and coerced by the Red Army after World War II suddenly found a modicum of courage-though Khrushchev's tanks in Budapest and America's unwillingness to aid the Hungarian revolt with action made caution mandatory. But Moscow finally realized that it could no longer hope to retain loyalties in Eastern Europe by mere dictation. Russian forces began withdrawing from the satellites; by 1958, the 55,000 Red Army troops that had arrived in Rumania 14 years earlier...
Emphasizing their new "language of truth," the Soviet planners admitted that the good life is still a good way off. By 1970 they expect the Soviet national income to be up 85% from 1960-impressive, but still only half of the Khrushchev goal. Where Khrushchev forecast an annual electric-power capacity of 950 billion kw-h by 1970, the new five-year plan predicts 840 billion kwh. Over the same period, steel production is supposed to climb to 124 million tons a year (v. Khrushchev's 145 million tons), oil production to 355 million tons a year (v. Khrushchev...