Word: khrushchevism
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Clearly, such unsettling prospects would not even be countenanced in the Krernlin were it not for yet a grimmer vista already looming. That vista is a continuing turnabout in the Soviet growth rate, whose longtime double-figure performances led Nikita Khrushchev as recently as 1961 to assure the world that the U.S.S.R. would over take the U.S. by 1970 as the world's mightiest economy. It has been slowing down ever since. Last week Moscow reported that industrial output grew at 7.1%, a sizable figure for a mature economy but the lowest in Russia since 1946. And each year...
Sensible pragmatism or rank heresy? Khrushchev himself provided the reformers with a text, if not an answer, late in 1962, when the debate was beginning to gather momentum. He reminded the Central Committee of "Lenin's directive that we be able, if necessary, to learn from the capitalists, to adopt whatever they have that is sensible and advantageous...
Eighteen months later, it had plainly become "necessary." Moving the debate off the pages of Pravda and into the industrial arena, Khrushchev gave the reformers a place to test their theories. Two clothing factories-Moscow's Bolshevichka and Gorky's Mayak-were cut loose to negotiate prices and sell their suits and dresses directly to 22 retail stores. The stores told the two factories what kinds of goods the consumers wanted, and the factories were judged by the profits made on what goods were actually sold...
Died. Frol Romanovich Kozlov, 57, onetime No. 2 man in the Kremlin; after a series of strokes; in Moscow. Urbane and well-dressed, Kozlov was the stereotype of Communism's second-generation apparatchiki-the flexible party bureaucrat who could work with equal fervor for Stalin, Malenkov or Khrushchev, while carefully testing Moscow's changing winds. His real rise began in 1957, when, as a member of the 130-man Communist Central Committee, he shrewdly backed Khrushchev's bid for power, shortly thereafter became one of Nikita's two First Deputy Premiers and heir apparent; his decline...
...meeting had ostensibly been called to discuss defense matters, a more pressing issue to the East European Reds was the imminent (March 1) preparatory conference called by the Kremlin to discuss Moscow's ideological quarrel with Peking. This was the same monster rally originally scheduled by Nikita Khrushchev for last December. Kosygin and Brezhnev postponed the showdown's date and changed the tenor of the proposed conference from truculence to "objective" discussion of Russo-Chinese differences...