Word: khrushchevism
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...better or worse, has dominated the events of the preceding twelve months. Andropov is the third Soviet leader to be Man of the Year. Joseph Stalin was named in 1939 and again in 1942 because of his country's pivotal role in World War II. Nikita Khrushchev was named in 1957 for the Soviets' remarkable achievements in space...
...Nikita Khrushchev and the collective leadership that emerged after Stalin's death in 1953 used the term peaceful coexistence to signal the Kremlin's interest in improving diplomatic contacts with the world. "Neither we nor the capitalist states want to make a trip to Mars, so we shall have to exist together on one planet," Khrushchev said during a visit to India in 1955. As he dismantled Stalin's apparatus of terror at home, the Soviets took their own word for the period from the title of a popular novel: The Thaw. The withdrawal of Soviet occupation...
Portly and unpredictable, Khrushchev left an indelible imprint on the American consciousness when he blustered his way across the U.S. in 1959, hobnobbing with New York multimillionaires, Hollywood stars and Iowa farmers. But in May 1960, before Eisenhower could return the visit, the Soviets shot down an American U-2 spy plane flying about 65,000 ft. above their territory. Khrushchev demanded an apology from Eisenhower; a few months later, he showed his anger by pounding his shoe on his desk at the U.N. General Assembly...
...West's commitment to Berlin was tested in August 1961, after the East Germans put up a wall to keep their people in. But the boldest Soviet bloc challenge came in the fall of 1962. Khrushchev gambled that he could shift the global balance of power by secretly building some 40 launch pads for medium-range missiles in Cuba. After U.S. surveillance planes spotted the new installations, Kennedy told the Soviets that a nuclear missile launched from Cuba against any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be considered "as an attack by the Soviet Union...
...literature at Yale and then at Oxford, Talbott worked as a 1969 summer trainee at TIME's Moscow bureau, and has since returned to the Soviet Union more than a dozen times on reporting assignments. In 1970 and 1974 he translated and edited the two volumes of Nikita Khrushchev's memoirs. His interest in Soviet affairs led naturally to a concern about arms control. Says Talbott: "At the most basic level, avoiding nuclear war is what Soviet-American relations are all about...