Word: kidney
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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FRANK SINATRA is a man in a maelstrom. As detective sergeant Edward Delaney in The First Deadly Sin, he must track and capture a crazed killer, comfort and protect his sick wife after her kidney has been removed, and deal with a belligerent captain sent in from downtown to clean up his deteriorating precinct...
...lovely wooded area of New Jersey known as the Pine Barrens, more than 100 wells have been poisoned by chemicals leaching from the 135-acre Jackson Township dump. James McCarthy, who had drunk well water for ten years, had one kidney removed in 1977, and now has trouble with the other. Tara, his daughter, died in 1975 of a kidney cancer when she was nine months old. A 16-year-old neighbor lost a kidney to cancer; another neighbor is on dialysis for kidney problems; a third also has a kidney ailment. No scientific link has been established between...
...past, ground water was kept pure because the soil at the earth's surface could be counted on to act as a filtration system, a kind of geological "kidney" that would scrub out bacteria and other insoluble contaminants placed on or in the ground before they could seep down to the water table, the ground water's upper limit. But this filtration system does not reliably screen out the waste chemicals cropland now leach into the soil from a variety of sources, including cropland that has been sprayed with pesticides, and industrial dumps like the pools into which...
When it is invaded by a foreign substance-a virus or bacterium, say, or even the cells from a donated kidney or blood transfusion-the healthy body quickly mobilizes the immune system for a counterattack. Among the forces sent into combat are antibodies, tiny molecular missiles that attach themselves to the intruder's surface and help destroy the invader. They are highly efficient and selective; each antibody is so exquisitely designed that it matches up precisely with only one site on the invader or antigen, almost as if it were a key fitting into a lock...
Because antibodies can seek out even minute amounts of a foreign substance, they are an extremely valuable medical tool. Doctors can use them to match donor and recipients for everything from blood transfusions to kidney and heart transplants; if antibodies from the potential recipient "recognize" anything in the donated tissue as "foreign," the chances are that the transplant will be rejected. In the future, doctors foresee many other uses for antibodies as well, possibly including a cancer therapy...