Word: kidneys
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...patients in the U.S., their life depends on finding an organ to replace a damaged or diseased one. In the never-ending tug between organ supply and demand, the scales have never tipped in favor of the patient; only a fraction of the people needing a new kidney, liver or heart actually receive one. To move people off the organ-waiting list, doctors either have to boost the supply of donors, or improve the viability of existing organs...
Researchers from the Netherlands report in the New England Journal of Medicine that they have found a way to increase the chances that kidneys from deceased donors will succeed after transplant, thus sparing patients from expensive follow-up care or even another organ transplant. In the largest and first study of its kind, doctors compared two existing ways of preserving kidneys taken from deceased donors - in cold storage in an ice pack, or via cold perfusion, which involves hooking the kidney up to a machine that pumps a chilled blood-like solution throughout the organ. (See the top 10 medical...
...year, 94% of the kidneys that were perfused had survived once transplanted, compared with 90% of the cold-stored kidneys. More significantly, 26% of the cold-stored organs failed to function in the first weeks after transplant, compared with only 21% of the kidneys that were perfused. While the differences were small, say experts, they can be significant when you consider the costs of dialysis and follow-up care for failed transplants. "Four percent may not appear to be a lot, but if this difference persisted across the country, that would be a significant cost benefit on behalf...
...HCWH, for example, that in the mid-1990s got U.S. hospitals to stop using thermometers containing mercury, a potent neurotoxin associated with health problems, such as respiratory, kidney and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as interruption of fetal development (which occurs when pregnant women consume too much mercury, usually through fish). Today most hospitals have swapped out their mercury-based measuring devices - including sphygmanometers, which are used to measure blood pressure and contain more mercury than thermometers - for safer alternatives...
...seminars is based on an algorithm developed by Harvard Business School professor Alvin E. Roth and takes into account student preferences, seminar capacity, and faculty selection based on students’ essays and sometimes interviews. It is also the same algorithm that Roth uses to find pairs of compatible kidney donors and recipients.A DIAMOND IN THE ROUGHWhile the students who were rejected this semester can apply again in the spring, they are not guaranteed a spot and are no likelier to be accepted than those who are applying for the first time.These limits are particularly problematic in light...