Word: kierkegaard
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...Niebuhr was one liberal Protestant who had indeed heard the Voice out of the whirlwind. It spoke the thought of three God-tormented men: Russian Novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky, Danish Theologian Soren Kierkegaard and Swiss Theologian Karl Earth...
World War I ended the age of liberalism. More than half a century before it ended, two men had felt that it was ending. They were Fyodor Dostoevsky and Sören Kierkegaard. Both men were pessimists. To Dostoevsky, the human situation was a tragic drama. To Kierkegaard, it was a tragic argument. Both men felt that the anguish of human experience, the truth of man's nature and God's nature and the relationship of God and man, could be grasped only by a new dimension of perception...
...Free. As prophet of this bleak philosophy, Jean-Paul Sartre, 42, enjoys more prestige in despairing Europe than any other writer of the postwar generation. Fashionable groups in conquered France took up existentialism; now defeated Germany is reportedly infested with it. Existentialists trace themselves back to Danish Philosopher Soren Kierkegaard, but they also owe a debt to Nazi Philosopher Martin Heidegger. Pope Pius XII has branded their ideas a "philosophy of disaster...
...Kierkegaard, a lonely, God-hungry Dane, waged his revolution against the excessive rationalism of the mechanistic 19th Century in which he lived. Thus his Christianity did not try to be "objective," but dealt with the universe in terms of man's own suffering, fearing, loving and hating-much as does present-day psychology.* For contemporary Denmark's official church Christianity, Protestant Kierkegaard had nothing but contempt, though he himself had been trained for the Danish ministry. His anger boiled over in such pronouncements as "Parsons canonize bourgeois mediocrity" and "Official Christianity is both aesthetically and intellectually ludicrous...
Author Gilbert Keith Chesterton passionately accepted the orthodoxy that Kierkegaard scorned. A devout member of the Church of England from his youth, at the age of 48 he became a Roman Catholic. But though he accepted and stoutly defended every word of Roman Catholic dogma, he denounced the economic orthodoxy of modern capitalism...