Word: kiloton
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Waves. The experts considered all major means of detecting nuclear tests. If the explosion takes place in air, it starts a powerful acoustic wave that can be detected at great distances as a slight variation of air pressure. A feeble one-kiloton explosion sends a detectable wave as much as 2,000 miles downwind, 300 miles upwind, or an average of 800 miles under conditions of light and varying winds. When exploded under the surface of the ocean, a one-kiloton explosion sends sound waves 6,000 miles through the water...
...publication, The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, gives some idea of the energy required. A 100-kiloton charge exploded on the surface of dry soil will form a crater 80 ft. deep and 580 ft. in diameter. The crater of a one-megaton charge exploded on the surface will be about 140 ft. deep and 1,300 ft. in diameter. If a charge is exploded 40 ft. down instead of on the surface, the diameter of its crater is nearly doubled. All these figures are for soil, not for resistant rock, but it looks as if a single megaton charge...
...Civil Defense assumption for the drill: two 50-kiloton atom bombs had exploded over lower Manhattan and outer Queens, killed 1,104,814 and injured 512,000, knocked out Brooklyn and Manhattan bridges, disabled public utilities...