Word: kimberley
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Afrikaners, dependent on their slaves, trekked into the wilderness to the north. The leaders of these trekboers (wandering farmers) founded two independent republics, the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. No one but the native blacks would have cared had not a rich diamond pipe been found at Kimberley in the Orange Free State and an immense stratum of gold at Witwatersrand ("the Rand") in the Transvaal. As largely British "Outlanders" poured into the Rand to mine the gold, Empire Builder Cecil Rhodes plotted an uprising against Transvaal President Paul Kruger. But a premature raid tipped Rhodes' hand...
There were a few initial victories, but the mounted, mobile Boers with their magazine-loading Mausers and their devastating "Long Tom" artillery soon drove the British forces into siege positions at Ladysmith, Kimberley and Mafeking. The lessons of preparedness were not lost on one of the Boers' early captives: young War Correspondent Winston Churchill...
...Rent Board agreed with examiner Kimberley Fletcher that the University had not properly terminated leases on six of the 16 units in the building. Arguing that Harvard could not convert the building if the six tenants remained, Fletcher recommended that no evictions be allowed...
DIED. Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, 53, black South African leader whose determined advocacy of black rights kept him in prison or under government restriction for the past 18 years; of lung cancer; in Kimberley, South Africa. A follower of Mahatma Gandhi and a believer in nonviolent civil disobedience, Sobukwe founded the Pan-African Congress as a splinter group from the African National Congress in 1959. Following his participation in 1960 demonstrations against the restrictive pass laws that control the lives of South African blacks, Sobukwe was sentenced to three years in jail for "incitement to riot." When his term ended, Parliament...
...Raymond Dart, the South African anthropologist, found a startlingly different skull embedded in a piece of limestone from a quarry at Taung?Tswana for "place of the lion"?about 120 kilometers (75 miles) north of Kimberley. Dart determined that the skull had come from a five-year-old primate (the order of mammals that includes humans, apes and monkeys) who had lived on the threshold of humanity. Still, he recognized that the creature was even more primitive than Java man. He named it Australopithecus africanus, or the southern ape of Africa. The skull displayed an odd blend...