Word: kivu
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...fifth day of the road trip, the van leaves Gyseni, a former colonial lake resort in the western province of Rwanda, and takes a bumpy and circuitous route to Kibuye, on the eastern shore of Lake Kivu. The driver constantly sounds his horn or drives frighteningly close to people to scare them off the road. The landscape outside is breathtaking: lush green hills, banana plantations and in the distance, the Virunga volcanoes, home of the famous Rwandan mountain gorillas...
...death toll at about 50, as displaced people lined roads into Rwanda and gathered in the town of Gisenyi. As the 3,469-m volcano continued to spew molten rock, earthquakes shook the area and a cloud of smoke hung in the air. The lava flow ended in Lake Kivu, on the border...
...Western powers that had bankrolled Mobutu as a bulwark against communism informed him that his credit had run dry. In response, the President distanced himself from day-to-day governance, and Zaire's threadbare cohesion started to pull apart. The worst unraveling took place in North and South Kivu provinces, sparking a crisis that bequeathed to Kabila what he likes to call his "bon moment...
...this proved too much for Paul Kagame, Rwanda's strongman. Enraged, Kagame recruited some 2,000 ethnic Tutsi living in eastern Zaire and trained them with his army. In October, when the Hutu persuaded local Zairian authorities in the Kivu provinces to expel all ethnic Tutsi from Zaire, Kagame ordered his commandos back into Zaire. The alliance of Zairian Tutsi rose to resist the edict, and Zaire's notoriously undisciplined army turned and fled. Within two weeks, the rebels had seized a swatch of eastern Zaire 600 miles long...
...this mix was the Hutu refugees' deep hatred for the Tutsi. The Hutu immediately began raiding the mines and goading Zairean leaders to launch pogroms against the Banyamulenge. The Zairean authorities responded with zeal; they organized demonstrations and incited mobs. Finally, in September, the deputy governor of South Kivu province gave the Banyamulenge "foreigners" six days to leave Zaire...