Word: kleitman
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...even commoner complaint than the common cold, few doctors recognize it as a disorder. Lack of sleep, they say, is self-curing, and no one ever died of it. The complaint, "I tossed and turned all night and didn't sleep a wink," is a myth. (Dr. Kleitman has heard it from a man who had just been observed sleeping soundly for seven hours.) The most that these hard-headed doctors will concede is that anxiety about not getting to sleep is itself upsetting, and they will prescribe just a few hypnotics to break a vicious cycle. But most...
Though many people claim that once they fall asleep they don't move, Dr. Kleitman is emphatic: "No normal person sleeps 'like a log.' " Anyone gets uncomfortable from staying in one position while asleep, just as he would while awake. To check this, his University of Chicago researchers rigged up Rube Goldberg devices to bedsprings and got electrical recordings of sleepers' tossing and turning. The average: 20 to 60 major movements during a night's sleep...
...deepest. It is in the study and explanation of dreaming that sleep scientists have recently made their most dramatic progress. The stuff that has been written about dreams would fill a library, and most of it makes as much sense as "such stuff as dreams are made on." Dr. Kleitman's Chicago team determined to collect accurate data. Such brilliant students as Dr. William Dement (now at Stanford University) and Dr. Edward Wolpert (now at Chicago's Michael Reese Hospital) stuck a tiny electrode on each side of a volunteer's eye and carried the leads...
These findings were reported to the American Psychiatric Association at a long evening meeting, before a surprisingly wide-awake audience, by Dr. William Dement, 31, a research fellow in psychiatry at Manhattan's Mount Sinai Hospital. While a member of Physiologist Nathaniel Kleitman's research team at the University of Chicago, Dr. Dement had helped to settle an age-old question: Is dreaming continuous during sleep? The answer is no: it is intermittent. The beginning of a dream is signaled by brainwave changes shown on the electroencephalogram and by rapid eye movements...