Word: known
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...best bet is thought to be production of oil and gas from coal. Carter has set a goal of the equivalent of 1 million to 1.5 million bbl. a day by 1990. The technology is well known. South Africa gets 10% of its oil from coal and expects the total to rise...
Though the U.S. has some oil-saturated tar sands, they are not large or accessible enough to justify expensive exploitation by the Government. But some 76 billion bbl. in oil, about three times the nation's proven reserves of conventional crude, are known to be recoverable from the shale rock concentrated in western Colorado and stretching into Utah and Wyoming. No plants are in operation at present, but at least five companies are running experimental digs in the area. To produce a barrel of oil, about 1½ tons of rock must be mined and heated...
...Levine and Howard I. Fields and Oral Surgeon Newton C. Gordon, all of the University of California in San Francisco, may have hit upon an answer. In an experiment involving dental patients having molars extracted, they gave them either a placebo or the drug naloxone, which is known to block the effects of endorphin, a morphine-like pain reliever produced by the brain itself...
...Herbert Benson of Boston's Beth Israel Hospital agrees with that common-sense notion. Well known for his work on the physiological effects experienced by practitioners of Transcendental Meditation, he has recently reviewed studies of patients suffering from angina, a severe chest pain related to heart disease. He found that when physicians were initially enthusiastic about a remedy, even if it later proved worthless by ordinary medical definition, it acted as a placebo in about 80% of all cases. Conversely, Benson says, flaws in the patient-doctor relationship may account for some of the equally puzzling unpleasant effects, including...
That shortage may soon be eased. In the most dramatic display yet of the controversial genetic engineering technique known as recombinant DNA, independent teams at the University of California in San Francisco and at a small commercial research firm, Genentech Inc., in nearby Palo Alto, used human pituitary tissue to construct the gene, or DNA segment, responsible for the production of somatotropin. They then implanted it in the genetic machinery of a laboratory strain of the common intestinal bacterium Escherichia coli. The gene splicing worked: the re-engineered bugs began to make...