Word: kodaks
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...discrimination and adding, "A woman is not required to be a Victorian broodmare." If the Supreme Court rules for Johnson Controls, then by some estimates up to 20 million jobs, many of them well paid, could eventually be closed to women. Gulf Oil, B.F. Goodrich, Du Pont and Eastman Kodak are just some of the companies that have instituted fetal-protection policies since a federal court upheld such measures in 1984. Johnson Controls estimates that more than half its production jobs are barred to fertile women...
...confusion over what it means to be a man today. Men have faced warping changes in role models since the women's movement drove the strong, stoic John Wayne-type into the sunset. Replacing him was a new hero: the hollow-chested, sensitive, New Age man who bawls at Kodak commercials and handles a diaper the way Magic Johnson does a basketball. Enter Alan Alda...
Polaroid is a company built on instant gratification, but its grievance with Kodak has required enormous patience. A federal court in Boston has ordered Eastman Kodak to pay Polaroid $910 million in damages in the largest patent- infringement award in history. The decision is the culmination of a 1976 lawsuit in which Polaroid charged Kodak with violating patents on instant cameras and film. The amount of damages has been at issue since 1985, when the court ruled that Kodak had infringed on seven patents and ordered the company out of the instant-camera business...
Polaroid, whose founder Edwin Land introduced instant photography in 1947, had asked for $12 billion in damages. But Kodak offered to pay only $177 million. Industry experts, who predicted a settlement of $1 billion to $2 billion, think Polaroid will appeal the decision and seek higher damages. Says Brenda Landry, an analyst for Morgan Stanley: "In terms of the amount of sales and patents involved, it doesn't seem very big." Many experts viewed the ruling as a modest victory for Kodak, which might have been forced to sell off assets if the award had exceeded $1 billion...
...hands-on management and organizing the staff into some 3,000 teams of up to 15 members each. One result: profits have risen 250% since 1982. "By the mid-1990s," says Luther, "we'll define good management as the ability to get out of the way." Managers at Eastman Kodak decided to let the folks on the factory floor run the professional-film manufacturing unit. In 1989 the unit, which had run $1 million over budget, came in $1.5 million under. Such feats should be ballyhooed as an example to other workers, says Paul Schumann, a creativity consultant for Austin...