Word: kongo
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...late, Japan's changing society has posed a challenge for Kongo. Revenues are down 35% from 1998, to about $68 million. "In the past, no matter how hard times were, people always contributed to temples, so we had work," Masakazu says. Today "temples no longer have that significance." So the family repertoire has expanded to include schools and retirement homes...
Construction of Shitennoji, one of the oldest Buddhist complexes in Japan, began in the year 593. One of its carpenters, Shigemitsu Kongo, traveled to Japan from the Korean kingdom of Paekche. Today, working from offices overlooking the temple, Kongo Gumi Co. is run by Masakazu Kongo, 55, the 40th Kongo to lead the 1,410-year-old company, believed to be the world's oldest family enterprise...
...Holden Roberto, it also began among the European-educated, but was originally connected quite closely to Bakongo nationalism and then to Pan-Africanism. The Bakongo, former residents of the Kingdom of the Kongo destroyed in the nineteenth century, are a populous nation divided among Zaire, Congo, and northwestern Angola, whose bitter experience with forced labor on the Portugese coffee plantations provoked them to a bloody revolt in 1961 and to energetic resistance ever since. While the FNLA's precursors sought to reconstitute the Kingdom of the Kongo, whose last king died in 1962, Roberto's contacts with African nationalists...
...Portugese navigator Diego Cao discovered the mouth of the Congo River, went ashore, and made envoys to the largest kingdom of West Central Africa: the Kongo. Relations with the Kongolese were friendly at first, and the African lords permitted the Portugese to gain a foothold for their slave trading with colonies across the Atlantic. But soon the Kongolese came to have misgivings about the Portugese designs, and open warfare broke out. In 1665 the Portugese Army crushed the Kongolese army in a decisive battle at Mbwila...
While the Portugese had still been at peace with the Kongo, they had sent troops south to the Kingdom of N'Gola, or Angola, to extend their slave-trade resources. Portugal waged war for human capital, either capturing the Africans or buying them cheaply from black client chieftans. One explanation of their march on Angola and forcible seizure of its natives is that the cotton cloth and other goods which the Portugese had up till then used in barter for slaves were of such inferior quality that the Africans refused to do business. Indeed, through the history of her subjugation...