Word: korans
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...they have nonetheless systematically eliminated every group that does not conform to their beliefs. Last May they forced the Tudeh Communist Party to denounce itself publicly and disband. In August they suspended the Hojjatieh Society, an esoteric Shi'ite Muslim splinter group that refuses to interpret the Koran in the fashion approved by the mullahs. During the past five years the regime has also incited mobs to desecrate the shrines of the Baha'i faith, drive thousands of adherents out of their homes and kill at least 150Baha...
...moment, however, authorities may be less unsettled by such external threats than by their own internal divisions. The Ayatullah has established 20 different agencies for intelligence and security. All of them jockey for position by twisting Khomeini's proclamations, as well as the Koran, to their own advantage. According to Dr. Ardeshir San'ati, a former full colonel and key medical officer in the Army, who recently fled to the U.S., "The Islamic Guards see Iran as their personal fiefdom and treat all others, especially the armed forces, as their serfs." Since a system of Islamic justice superseded...
...income, nationalization of foreign trade and land reform. "We please the middle and lower classes," said President Seyed Ali Khamene'i, 44, last summer, "and let big landlords, big factory owners and the wealthy seethe in discontent." Opposing them are the ultrarightist clerics who insist that the Koran unequivocally condemns such socialistic practices. The Prophet Muhammad, they point out, was once a merchant, who said, "The merchant is among God's favorites." The leftists were rebuffed 16 months ago when the social reform bills they proposed were vetoed by the Guardian Council. But last summer they made...
Baha'is advocate world peace and the unification of all peoples and religions. They respect the Koran and holy books of other faiths. The Baha'is have no clergy class and elect their leaders to limited terms of office. The Baha'is also champion world government and the use of an unspecified universal language. But unity, say members, will come only by worshiping God through Baha'u'llah, the prophet who is his "Manifestation" and who revealed God's message in 100-odd books, which were translated from Arabic and Farsi as the creed...
...major clash between the military government and the nation's student community had been brewing since Jan. 14, the day Ershad announced, in a burst of religious enthusiasm, that the Koran would be read this year at Feb. 21 ceremonies honoring Bengalis killed in 1951, when the fight for independence from Pakistan began. Said Ershad: "The ideals and principles of Islam will be reflected in every sphere of state and national life." Ershad's statement shocked the nation and especially incensed Bangladesh's non-Muslim minority (10% of the population), who saw it as a betrayal...