Word: kornberg
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Stanford's 1959 Nobel Laureate Arthur Kornberg and Biochemist Mehran Goulian began their historic synthesis with four off-the-shelf inert chemical compounds called nucleotides-the basic building block of the DNA molecule, which controls the hereditary characteristics of every living thing. To these they added one enzyme, DNA polymerase, that is known to promote the assembly of nucleotides into the typical helix-shaped strand that characterizes the DNA molecule, and another enzyme that closes the strand into a ring...
Biochemist Kornberg, who is executive head of Stanford's biochemistry department, is no stranger to molecule synthesis. In 1959 he shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine for producing the first synthetic DNA molecule. Unlike the 1967 model, however, it was biologically inactive. He has received other awards for his work with enzymes and hopes next to learn how an enzyme like DNA polymerase actually organizes nucleotides into DNA molecules. Bio chemist Goulian worked under Korn berg as a postdoctoral fellow, and is now on the faculty of the University of Chicago Medical School. Sinsheimer is an authority on viruses...
...research in Germany and England, came to the U.S. in 1940. After a year at St. Louis' Washington University, he joined Manhattan's New York University, intensified his research on enzymes, the catalysts of life. In 1946 he had a brilliant post-doctoral student, Arthur Kornberg. Within ten years Dr. Ochoa and colleagues found a way to make an enzyme build up nucleic acids and, in effect, create a synthetic form of RNA. Brooklyn-born Dr. Arthur Kornberg, 41, graduated from the City College of New York at 19. Working for his M.D. at the University of Rochester...
With different enzymes from different bacterial cells, Kornberg used methods outwardly similar to Ochoa's in synthesizing a form of DNA in 1957. Chemically and physically, it behaves like a natural DNA; whether it contains a vital spark is not yet known...
...identical with genes), the ability to synthesize biologically active forms may give man new power over the production of living things. And since RNAs are essential to growth, mastery of them might supply the answer to cancer, which is uncontrolled growth. Both modest men, neither Ochoa nor Kornberg would make such claims. Said Ochoa: "Now that I have won this honor, I guess I'll have to work harder...