Word: koshiba
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...REUTERS Winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics (from left): Dr. Riccardo Giacconi, Raymond Davis and Masatoshi Koshiba...
...would qualify as legally blind. That?s because all we can see is ordinary, visible light. But stars and galaxies shine with all sorts of other radiation as well. For their work in probing these otherwise invisible signals from space Raymond Davis, 87 of the University of Pennsylvania; Masatoshi Koshiba, 76, of the University of Tokyo; and the Italian-born U.S. citizen Riccardo Giacconi, 71, of Associated Universities Inc. in Washington, D.C, each got a share of the Nobel prize in Physics announced in Stockholm Tuesday...
...That alone was Nobel-worthy work, but Davis also found that there were only about a third the predicted number of particles. Theorists struggled for decades to understand why; finally, in the late 1990s, Koshiba?s Super-Kamiokande detector in Japan proved that the missing neutrinos had really just converted into another form, undetectable by Davis's machine (for complex reasons, this also implied that neutrinos, long thought to be massless, actually do have a tiny mass...
...Koshiba and Davis split half the Nobel for their neutrino work; Giacconi, meanwhile, gets the other half of the approximately $1 million prize. His achievement: building a series of X-ray telescopes that have laid bare the secrets of such exotic heavenly objects as quasars, black holes and super-dense neutron stars. And like Koshiba and Davis, he has helped to rectify humanity?s cosmic myopia...
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