Word: kossuth
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Sunday morning, Nov. 4, 1956, Budapest's Radio Kossuth broadcast a message ending with the words: "To every writer in the world ... to the intelligentsia of the world! We ask all of you for help and support . . .SOS!" Then, silence. The Hungarian revolt was being crushed, the writer-intellectuals of Hungary had spoken their last free words...
...Budapest's young Communist intellectuals crowded into the Kossuth Club, another suggestion was made to DISZ: Why not form a discussion group, strictly within the club, of course? The discussion group quickly became the hottest thing in town. It was called the Petofi Club...
Both clubs were named after Hungarian revolutionaries, which suited the Russian book, but neither the Russians nor their Hungarian stooges seemed to realize that the names of Kossuth and Petofi were dangerously charged with patriotic and nationalist sentiment. In September 2,000 young Communists crowded into the Petofi Club to hear a discussion on the Communist-controlled press. The meeting had been packed with old hard-core Communists and AVH men, but nevertheless the debate was free and furious. Janos and his friends left feeling that they had scored heavily against the system...
...Magyars for 170 years, and when at last in the 17th century they were driven out, the remaining Magyars found themselves a vassal state in the empire of the Austrian Habsburgs.* In 1848, when all Europe was arumble with the thunder of revolt, young Poet Sandor Petofi and Lajos Kossuth, the lawyer son of a Magyarized Slovak family of the Hungarian petty nobility, together sparked Hungary's most successful revolution. Poet Petofi died in the fight. Lawyer Kossuth went on to proclaim himself the head of an independent Hungary, but his triumph was short-lived. Skillful players...
...Kossuth's revolution resulted in the relative emancipation of Hungary's serfs, and the unrest it engendered helped to bring about, some 20 years later, the establishment of the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary, which, in principle at least, restored the territorial integrity of the Hungarian nation, but rifts within the nation's borders still endured...