Word: kulak
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During the kulak crisis his young (31) wife Nadezhda died, some sources say by her own hand, some say by Stalin's. Stalin buried her with honors in Novodevichy Monastery in Moscow, and erected a marble statue. Said he: "She is dead, and with her have died my last warm feelings for all human beings...
...land would be collectively cultivated and the produce distributed according to the members' contribution of labor and land." Obviously, the 42.3% of the peasants who still prefer to "work by themselves" and "yearn for the capitalist way of getting rich" might profitably remember what happened to the Russian kulak...
...farmer who clings to his own land is denied such benefits as improved seeds, fertilizers, and easy credits. He cannot em ploy labor outside his family. If his resistance is especially fierce, he is classified as a "negative individual" and a kulak. He is driven to the wall by such devices as government production quotas deliberately made so high that he cannot fill them. Often he must give up his private holding because he has failed to meet a quota, or he may be sentenced to one, two or three years' imprisonment. The commissars boast: "We make great prog...
Scholarly Alexei Rykov, former president of the Council of People's Commissars, said: "... I confirm the admission of my monstrous crimes . . . We were preparing for a coup d'etat, we organized kulak insurrections and terrorist groups ... I would like those who have not yet been exposed and have not yet laid down their arms to do so immediately . . . Their only salvation lies in helping the party...
...later, in 1944, I fled from Finland to Sweden because of the Russians." Her shipmates-steelwork-ers, a glassblower, weavers, seamstresses, mechanics, lawyers, farmers, fishermen-had similar tales to tell. An Estonian farmer told how his 76-acre farm had been seized when the Russians decided he was a kulak. A girl remembered the sight of three boys, their eyes pierced, their fingers cracked, their hair torn out for resisting Russian conscription...