Word: kurchatov
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...insist that nuclear reactors are safer than other types of power plants and claim that many of the safety devices accepted as essential in the West are unnecessary. Their attitude can be unsettling to those who assume that even the best reactors must be treated with respect. At the Kurchatov, for example, scientists seemed blissfully unconcerned as visiting journalists leaned against flimsy railings to gaze down into an open experimental pool reactor and marvel at the blue radiation glow that emanated from its fuel rods. While the radiation itself was under water and posed no hazard, a dropped camera...
...already burdened International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry to settle the issue. The union still has not determined who first made elements 104 and 105, for which each side has filed claims and names. The Russians are calling 104 "kurchatovium" (after their A-bomb pioneer, Igor Kurchatov) and 105 "niels bohrium" (for the famed Danish physicist). Americans have dubbed 104 "rutherfordium" (after the English scientist Ernest Rutherford) and 105 "hahnian" (for German Chemist Otto Hahn, who discovered nuclear fission...
Then Kapitsa expressed a desire to go abroad. I could tell he wanted the press to raise a lot of hoopla about his traveling to other countries. We deliberated the matter in the leadership. Even though we had let [Atomic Physicist Igor] Kurchatov go to England [in 1956], we decided to wait a while before sending Kapitsa abroad. We still hadn't accumulated enough atomic weapons. Therefore it was essential that we keep secret from our enemies any and all information which might tip them off about how little...
...atomic physics, for example, Moscow's competing Lebedev and Kurchatov Institutes may well be ahead of Western research centers in the race to control thermonuclear fusion, the same energy process that powers the sun. Under Nobel Laureate Nikolai Basov, Lebedev scientists are using high-energy laser beams in an effort to produce a plasma, or ionized gas, of sufficiently high temperature and density to sustain a fusion reaction. Kurchatov researchers are using powerful doughnut-shaped machines, acronymically named Tokamaks, to obtain the same results with intense magnetic fields. Academician Lev Artsimovich, head of the Kurchatov work, doubts that anyone...