Word: labor
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Free, co-authored by U.C.L.A.'s John W. Caughey, Harvard's Ernest R. May and Chicago's John Hope Franklin, a Negro. A realistic and often unflattering appraisal of American history, Land of the Free, among other judgments, says that slaves were not happy darkies, that labor and civil rights groups made gains only by overcoming "savage resistance," and that the Boston Tea Party was a "mob scene." Teachers, parents and community groups in 45 different U.S. school districts attacked the book. In Oregon, irate citizens complained that the book overemphasized Negroes. A group called "Californians Against...
...weathered the longest major strike in U.S. history; of a cerebral hemorrhage; in Sheboygan, Wis. Struck by U.A.W. Local 833 in 1954 (among the issues: binding arbitration and a seniority rule in layoffs), Kohler held out for 81 years and kept his factory open with strikebreakers until the National Labor Relations Board finally forced him to the bargaining table...
...labor-saving devices for the home, thousands of American women are voluntarily carrying out additional household chores. Despite rabbinical worries about secularization and the loss of religious identity, a surprising number of modern Jewish women-Orthodox, Conservative and even Reform-have decided to undertake the difficult but homely craft of maintaining a kosher home. "The Orthodox always stood for it," says Jewish Sociologist Marshall Sklare. "Today they stand for it more so. The Conservatives, in the past, stood for it rather passively. Now they stand for it actively. And Reform Judaism has a new sensitivity to the importance...
Precious Jewel. The Sabbath, on which manual labor is forbidden, presents another challenge for the kosher housewife. Friday is usually a day of frenzied activity-cleaning, shopping, preparing meals in advance for the tranquility and family intimacy of Saturday. There are some personal satisfactions. At sundown, after the wife lights the candles preceding the traditional Sabbath-eve dinner (typical menu: gefilte fish, matzoh-ball soup, chicken or beef, potato kugel), the husband often chants an ancient song of praise for his wife. Drawn from Proverbs 31, it begins: "A good wife who can find? She is far more precious than...
Such liberalization often reflects the tightness and youthfulness of today's labor market. When a young woman fresh out of college takes a job, notes a secretary at Lawyers Title Insurance Corp. in Washington, she often owns nothing but miniskirts. "The men huff and puff, and the old maids grimace, but what are you going to do?" Another factor is the influx of Negro and Spanish-speaking workers, many of whom are less inhibited by convention, thus dress with more flair...