Word: labs
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Snyder announced in print that his lab had removed stemlike cells from mouse brains and had grown them in a culture. Snyder then teamed up with Dr. Jeff Macklis, a colleague at Harvard Medical School who had engineered a strain of mouse whose neurons died off in a tiny region of the cortex where cells were not known to regenerate. Snyder injected the stem cells into the mice. Like heat-seeking missiles, the cells rapidly sought out the injured part of the cortex and transformed themselves into healthy neurons. "That's the beauty of stem cells," says Snyder...
Researchers are learning more every day about how the body processes fat. One clue involves the hormone leptin, which is pumped out by fat cells and signals lab mice, at least, not to eat. Unfortunately, as reported last week in the Journal of the American Medical Association, it doesn't seem to work in humans. Researchers are still trying to figure out why not--and how to get around the problem. Another natural substance, called pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), seems to signal that it's time to stop eating. Mice treated with POMC boosters shed 40% of their excess body weight...
TOMORROW: Breast may be grown in the lab from a patient's own fat cells and infused back through keyhole slits in the chest...
TODAY: Small slivers of liver tissue can be grown in the lab from one of the many types of liver cells, but they are not yet ready for transplant...
TODAY: Grown in the lab from pig cells and synthetic-polymer matrix...