Word: labs
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...lab, Eggan's group has successfully turned stem cells into motor neurons, the cells that connect the spinal cord to the body's muscles and which degenerate in ALS. But researchers have not been able to prove that these cells will be clinically useful - that is, whether the new nerve cells will work as well as healthy ones in the spinal cord of a patient. Testing the viability of cells made from iPS stem cells is still a long way off, mostly because iPS requires the use of viruses to deliver the time-reversing genes into adult cells - that works...
...theory about the cause of ALS is that motor nerves die after exposure to a toxic compound released by other nerve cells in the spinal cord. The Harvard and Columbia groups are hoping to test that idea in the lab: if the cells in culture release the same agent, then finding drug compounds that block the damaging effects of the toxin could preserve neurons and hold off the paralyzing effects of the disease...
...Most research into fish sex determination has been done in the lab (for obvious reasons), but the pejerrey is one of the few species that scientists have been able to study in the field. And those studies have revealed that already, its proportion of males to females is skewed. "It could be because of chemical pollution or it could be because of climate change. We don't know," cautions Piferrer. "But the field data matches our predictions...
...headphones. It's all dictated by the level of background noise in their listening environment. When we put people in different listening environments, like flying in an airplane - we used noise we'd recorded while flying on a Boeing 757 commercial flight, and we simulated that environment in our lab - 80% of people listened at levels that would eventually put their hearing at risk. On the subway system here in Boston, the ambient noise levels are very comparable to the level on an airplane, although it sounds very different. The noise is sufficiently high that it induces people to listen...
...after receiving complaints from consumers, the California Department of Health sent cease-and-desist letters to 13 companies, including deCODE Genetics, 23andMe and Navigenics, asking them to stop doing business with California customers until they could prove they were complying with state laws. In California, only physicians may order lab tests, and all labs must obtain a state license and meet federal CLIA requirements. Last November, New York State's Department of Health mailed similar letters to 31 companies. (Navigenics and 23andMe have since submitted business plans to New York for approval.) "Our priority is to protect the health...