Word: landless
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...prospect was hardly encouraging 18 months ago when Belaúnde took over after a bitterly fought election. With Peru's economy just starting to gather momentum, agitators within the unions were threatening crippling strikes, landless highland Indians were waging angry battles against their landowners, and businessmen were sending their money abroad for safekeeping...
...Steel Chairman Roger Blough, 60, given the New York City U.S.O.'s gold medal "as one who symbolizes the support of U.S.O. by major industries of America"; Vinoba Bhave, 69, Gandhian holy man whose pilgrimages across India have netted 5,000,000 acres of "land for the landless," given a medal by President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan from Pope Paul VI; Sculptor Alexander Colder, 66, Critic Malcolm Cowley, 66, and Poet Allen Tote, 65, named to the American Academy of Arts and Letters; John N. Heiskell, 92, publisher of the Arkansas Gazette, winner of Arizona University's John Peter Zenger...
...utilizing state-owned land along with the expropriated acres, President Belaunde hopes to eventually settle 1,000,000 landless peasants on their own farms, giving up to 32 acres to a family in rich coastal areas, up to 75 acres in the highlands. If the program is carried out successfully, the change will be dramatic. Most of the country's arable land has been concentrated in the hands of a few wealthy hacienda owners ever since colonial days; the peasants either worked as sharecroppers or scratched a bare living out of their own tiny plots, often no larger than...
Another sweeping promise of the Mexican revolution was agriculture-land for the landless and food for all. Yet half a century later, less than one-tenth of the country's acreage is under cultivation, much of it in the semi-arid north and much of that belonging to the controversial ejido collectives. Peasants are guaranteed a plot of land, but the farms are small, dry and often uneconomic, rarely exceeding twelve acres. Peasant families have trouble feeding themselves, to say nothing of providing food for a nation whose population grows by 3.5% annually...
Planned Success. Since then, in theory, all a landless Mexican peasant has to do to get a farm is petition the government. If his claim is legitimate, he can then colonize unsettled government lands, join a communal farm called an ejido (pronounced eh-hee-doh), or move onto nearby expropriated plots. Land on any private farm that exceeds the government-set acreage ceiling, running from 250 acres to 1,500 acres, according to improvements, is subject to expropriation without compensation. Since the revolution, governments have parceled out some 125 million acres to 2,700,000 families and established...