Word: lateran
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...fiery oratorical chariot to rescue the Catholic Church. By the grace of Togliatti, the Italian Assembly last week put into the Republic's Constitution this clause: "The Roman Catholic apostolic religion is the only religion of the State." Approval meant that 1) the Republic would stand by the Lateran Treaty which Mussolini made with the Vatican; 2) every Italian would be taxed to support the Church; and 3) education would be Catholic...
...this time over politics. The issue was more intimate. In Italy, as much as anywhere else, war and military occupation had played hob with marriages; but men & women who wanted to shed their mates and start afresh with new ones were out of luck. By virtue of the 1929 Lateran Treaty, the state followed the law of the church, which in rare cases grants annulments (30 out of 75 requests from all over the world in 1944-45)-but never divorce...
...From 1848 to 1867 the U.S. maintained a complete legation at the Vatican, discontinued it at the approaching collapse of the temporal power (which was restored by the Lateran treaty of 1929). France, which also separates church & state, and England, with a Protestant state church, both maintain diplomatic relations with the Pontiff...
...Lateran pacts and Concordat with Mussolini whereby the Italian Government agreed to pay the Vatican $39,200,000 in cash; to give it $52,300,000 worth of Ital ian Government bonds; to recognize Vatican City as a sovereign state; and to make Catholicism the state religion of Italy...
Roman Catholics fare no better in Editor Dark's book. He assails the Vatican for temporizing with Hitler and for ditching Catholicism's Popular Party in Italy to come to terms with Mussolini in the Lateran Treaty. "With its Right definitely Fascist and its Left timorously sentimental," says he, "the Christian reformer can expect nothing of any constructive value from the Roman Catholic communion in England...