Word: latinizing
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...struggle has been defined variously as rich v. poor, Southern Hemisphere v. Northern, developed countries v. undeveloped. The protagonists are the advanced industrial nations (Western Europe, North America and Japan) v. the nations of the "Third World" (Latin America, Africa and Asia), an extraordinarily diverse group that, for the moment at least, has achieved solidarity for what it sees as its common purpose. Conflict between the two groups has taken on the proportions of global class...
Rich and Poor. The Latin American theologians who developed this strange alliance of Marx and Jesus see nothing contradictory in it. For an explanation of the chasm between rich and poor, between First World and Third World, they went to Marxist analysis and decided that the problem is capitalist oppression. For a solution of its ills, they went to Christian thought and Scriptures and concluded that Christians have a spiritual mandate to struggle on the side of the downtrodden. Jesus himself, they point out, citing the fourth chapter of Luke, declared early in his public life that he had come...
...theology developed in Latin America in the 1960s. One influence was the Second Vatican Council, which sharpened concern for the poor and challenged old alliances between church and state that had curbed religious protest in Latin America. Another was a growing trend in the World Council of Churches to attack injustices in the Third World. Most urgent of all, there was the deepening agony of the poor all across Latin America...
...ivory-tower thinkers, the Latin American liberation theologians developed their ideas while working among those poor. Their bitter analysis first caught wide public attention in a conference of Latin American bishops at Medellín, Colombia, in 1968 that denounced "institutionalized violence" in Latin American society. The principal architect of the unprecedented statement was a Peruvian priest named Gustavo Gutiérrez, an old friend of Camilo Torres and theological adviser at Medellín. He later wrote A Theology of Liberation (Orbis Books), the movement's most influential text...
Gutiérrez and many other Latin American liberation theologians journeyed to Detroit last week to argue that their theology has a prophetic role in northern industrial societies. Sounding a recurrent theme, Peruvian Economist Javier Iguiñiz told an opening session at the conference that "the growth of capitalism is the same as the growth of world poverty." Uruguayan Jesuit Juan Luis Segundo, author of one of the movement's key works, A Theology for Artisans of a New Humanity, warned that the church, if it is to have any validity, "must become a function of liberation...