Word: lawfulness
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...unusual tactics to recruit civil servants. "I called every friend in my telephone book until I had a staff," one harried official told TIME Correspondent Roberto Suro. To ensure that the bureaucracy does not fall back into the predatory pattern of the past, the junta enacted a tough anticorruption law that provides hefty fines for malfeasance. Says Ramirez: "A government official today can stick his foot in his mouth, but not his hand in the cookie...
...past five years, and corporate expansion is only one of the causes. In large part, the shortage is a side effect of the women's movement and equal opportunity programs. Now that they are encouraged to start out in management training programs or go on to study law, medicine or business management, young women graduates are less apt to want to move from campus to a secretarial pool. Says Sheila Rather, an executive with the Manhattan office of Brook Street Bureau of May fair Ltd., a personnel agency: "Business has never accepted the fact that a secretary also wants...
...First Congress proposed the Seventh Amendment, guaranteeing the right to a jury trial "in Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars." But back in 1789 they could never have imagined anything like Memorex...
...what is known as a "big case": a multimillion-dollar lawsuit that involves mountains of evidence and may take months or years to resolve. Increasingly common, such civil cases pose a dilemma. They are generally within the broad definition given by the U.S. Supreme Court to "Suits at common law." Thus they come under the jury-trial guarantee of the Seventh Amendment. (State courts are not bound by the Seventh, but most states have similar guarantees.) Such cases add to the burdens on the already overloaded courts. More important, if the jury cannot understand the issues, the right...
...through the Memorex case was excused. There were 118 in all. In many long cases, anyone who cannot get away from work for months at a time or who earns more than jury duty pays-$30 a day plus some extras-will opt out. That leaves, says Stanford Law School Professor William Baxter, juries of "the old, the jobless and the poor." At the 14-month trial of SCM vs. Xerox, a $1.5 billion antitrust suit, the jurors' average education level was tenth grade...