Word: lawfulness
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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California seems to have solved the problem of gas closings by taking more drastic action than other states. After officials discovered that the odd-even purchase arrangement was not working because 90% of the stations shut down on weekends, they invoked a four-year-old law that gave them emergency powers in case of a severe energy shortage. Said Richard Maullin, chairman of the California energy commission: "It was definitely time to legislate by decree." Stations with odd-numbered pump registrations were required to stay open on Saturday, those with even numbers on Sundays. Police handed out citations to station...
Every morning, five archivists walk into the room, clamp on earphones and spend eight hours listening to tapes. They are cataloguing the conversations, according to a 1974 law that gave the Government possession of the secret recordings, as well as those that were made public during the Watergate investigations and trials. Eventually the Government intends to set up as many as eleven centers around the country to give historians, and just plain curious citizens, easy access to the recordings...
...five years, Nixon has fought in court against release of the tapes. First he challenged the constitutionality of the 1974 law, but the Supreme Court ruled against him. Now he is claiming that making public the 950 five-inch reels will violate his privacy. Federal Judge Aubrey Robinson is expected to issue his decision this summer, but his ruling is certain to be appealed, by either the Government or the former President...
...Supreme Court's majority opinion, written by Justice William Brennan, conceded that the lower courts' rulings had followed the letter of the 1964 law, but insisted that they were not within its spirit. The primary concern of Congress was with "the plight of the Negro in our economy," Brennan wrote. It would be "ironic indeed," he said, if Title VII was used to prohibit "all voluntary, private, race-conscious efforts to abolish traditional patterns" of discrimination...
...during 83 days of debate that Title VII would be used neither to require nor permit quotas. Burger said that he would side with the majority if he were a Congressman, but that as a judge he had no business joining in "totally rewriting a crucial part" of the law. Said he: "Congress expressly prohibited the discrimination against Brian Weber the court approves...