Word: laws
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...heavily taxed human fallibility. His grave objection to NRA was vigorously made known to all his colleagues. He resented humanly the attack on age which Franklin Roosevelt used to justify his attempted Court purge. In a dissent he wrote in 1932-to a decision holding unconstitutional an Oklahoma law for licensing ice manufacturers-Justice Brandeis left one of his likeliest judicial epitaphs: "There must be power in the States and in the nation to remould, through experimentation, our economic practices and institutions to meet changing social and economic needs...
Since the proposal to repeal the Teachers' Oath was voted down yesterday in the Legislature by only four votes, it seems likely that the active participation of Harvard in the campaign against this law might have changed defeat into victory. That the university can advance arguments to justify its decision to play a passive role in the struggle for repeal this year is undoubtedly true. For there is some question as to whether this oath does really endanger civil liberties. And, even if the law is a menace to intellectual freedom, it may not be wise for Harvard to stir...
...Teachers' Oath is in theory a harmless law which requires teachers to swear allegiance to the Federal and State Constitutions. Since Section 2a of this law stipulates that "nothing herein contained shall be construed to interfere in any way with the basic principles of the Constitution which assures every citizen freedom of thought and speech," the oath does not appear to deviate too far from the precepts of democracy. But, unfortunately, this law has quite a different de facto meaning when it is enforced in a community where there is strong local feeling against alien social systems like Communism...
...opposition to this bill in the past has not exactly improved its relations with local authorities, and it is only within the last two months that conciliatory measures have somewhat improved this situation. Should Harvard now join the fight for repeal of the Oath, the supporters of the law would almost certainly attempt to arouse "town-gown" feeling again. Thus, in the final analysis, the university is confronted with the dilemma of whether to defend freedom of thought and increase local animosity or to ignore officially the struggle over this bill and let the matter drop...
...answer to this question is almost inherent in the statement of the problem. No matter how harmless the law may read, the Teachers' Oath does actually qualify liberty of thought and speech. The law may not now infringe upon the freedom of the university, but that it may do so in the near future is quite conceivable. Either the present Act may expand in scope or it may simply be the wedge for more stringent laws. Obviously, in contrast to such a threat, any considerations of "town-gown" relations are insignificant. Harvard must again employ all its influence and prestige...