Word: ldl
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...that for men with total cholesterol counts in the danger zone of 240 mg/dL. Blood tests revealed one important reason: as long as the subjects had high levels of Lp(a), it didn't matter if they had normal levels of HDL, the so-called good cholesterol, and LDL, the so-called bad cholesterol...
Even if aspirin and Bordeaux turn out to be dead ends, a routine test for Lp(a) could prove a life-saver for men with other risk factors. The researchers found that study subjects with high levels of both Lp(a) and LDL had an especially high risk of premature heart disease. So even though such people can do nothing about their Lp(a) levels, lowering their LDL through a low-fat diet and drug treatment is more critical for them than it is for most people...
...Health Study that followed 120,000 nurses for more than 10 years, have found that postmenopausal women on estrogen have about half the incidence of heart disease of those who don't take hormones. HRT seems to improve a woman's ratio of good cholesterol (HDL) to bad cholesterol (LDL) and also maintains the pliability of the blood vessels, lessening the risk of blockage...
Similarly, researchers studying estrogen and heart disease see the greatest benefits in long-term use. Estrogen helps keep levels of LDL cholesterol low and HDL cholesterol high, which is one reason pre-menopausal women have a much lower rate of heart disease than their male peers. Without HRT, a woman's risk of a heart attack rises to match that of men within 15 years of menopause. Estrogen also acts directly on blood vessels, causing them to dilate slightly so that blood flow improves, says Dr. Roger Blumenthal of Johns Hopkins Hospital. But these benefits disappear as soon...
...level of LDL, the "bad" cholesterol, rises an average of 10% for women going through menopause. The increase was not as great for women who were on hormone-replacement therapy...