Word: leaners
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Smokestack industries need not die in the New Economy, but they must be leaner, more productive and better managed. Workers will lose jobs and go through very hard times, but with the help of retraining, there can be second acts in American working lives. An eclectic and energetic band of U.S. entrepreneurs is likely to keep creating openings in fields now barely explored. One thing is certain: protectionism cannot stop or even slow the advance of technology. The U.S. can either continue to ride the crest of the New Economy wave or follow in the trough behind. -By Charles...
...curiously, the "Philadelphia sound" could not be fully appreciated in Philadelphia, but only in a sympathetic environment like New York's Carnegie Hall. Under Riccardo Muti, 41, the Italian conductor who succeeded Ormandy in the 1980-81 season, the sound is losing its sometimes overripe fullness and becoming leaner, with greater prominence being given to the winds and brass. The adjustment, though, is not being accomplished without some temporary loss of stature; and Muti so far is more convincing in opera than in orchestral music...
...this is like comparing apples and oranges, since the advanced armaments are either more powerful or versatile than the simpler ones. But reformers like Sprey, Boyd and Rasor argue that in many cases the simpler weapons are actually more effective. The F-16 fighter jet was developed as a leaner sister to the F-15, which is loaded with high-powered radar and weapons guidance systems. Because the F-16 is smaller, less detectable and gives off less exhaust smoke, it is more capable of catching the enemy by surprise. It also has a sizable advantage in maneuvering during dogfights...
This year, however, the failed smaller companies have been joined by such large, well-capitalized corporations as Braniff Airways, Wickes Cos., Saxon Industries and De Lorean Motor Co. Says Purdue University Professor William Dunkelberg: "The recession is performing the age-old process of creating leaner, meaner and more efficient firms. Unfortunately, the recession has also cut heavily into the lean and mean. We've lost established companies to low demand and high debt...
...specifications where his revolutionary music dramas could be given their fullest expression. After Wagner's death in 1883, his widow Cosima carried on the tradition for 25 years, when she was succeeded by their son Siegfried. Bayreuth was re-opened after the war in 1951, and a leaner, more ascetic style developed under Wagner's grandson Wieland. Operating under the twin inspirations of his own adventurous ideas and the straitened German economy, Wieland Wagner created a spare, allusive form of musical theater in which the listener's imagination played a necessary part...