Word: leapfrogged
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...half a million. The signalmen, who earn an average $3.87 per hour, walked out over a pay demand that would bring them a 55% wage increase in 36 months-better than one-third more than the package most other rail brotherhoods have accepted. Railroad managers argued that a "leapfrog" settlement with the signalmen would only produce new catchup demands from other unions...
...Algeria and two of the gulf states, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, which have not yet settled on a price for that part of their oil production that reaches the Mediterranean by pipeline. Some major oil companies avow that they will shut down their Libyan production rather than accede to leapfrog demands, lest this cause the painful Teheran pact to come unstuck...
...labor shortages by restricting admission; most insist on a tortuous apprenticeship training of three to five years. Local unions usually do their own bargaining, city by city and craft by craft. When one powerful unit wins a fat increase, every other union leader in the area must try to leapfrog to a higher settlement-or risk losing face and perhaps his job. No wonder that one-third of the construction negotiations end up in strikes...
...Libyan Leapfrog. The current quarrel started last summer when the revolutionary Libyan regime of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi set out to pump better terms out of the producing companies. Libya has a strong bargaining position. Its chief port of Tripoli is located only 600 miles from Rome. Most other Middle East oil must be shipped over a long and costly route to Europe. Libya demanded a 30? increase in the posted price of its oil-the price used to calculate the tax paid by companies. That would bring it to $2.53 a barrel. Gaddafi also insisted that the traditional...
Determined to stop the Libyan leapfrog, the oil companies negotiating in Teheran set as their goal a worldwide agreement that would stabilize their payments for oil into the mid-1970s. They offered higher payments, including-for the first time-an annual increase to take account of worldwide inflation. For their part, the oil-producing nations insisted on separate agreements for each region-which the companies fear would open up the prospect of leapfrogging prices once again. As with cverything else in the volatile Middle East, the eventual outcome is unpredictable. The only certainty is that consumers in Europe and Japan...