Word: legalism
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...from highway contractors. Nine years later, after settling down in tony Rancho Mirage, Calif., Agnew paid the state of Maryland $248,735 in restitution for the alleged bribes, plus interest and fines. But Agnew, who became an international business consultant after leaving the Government, deducted the entire amount, plus legal fees and interest, from his California tax return, claiming the repayment as an expenditure...
...candidates representing the ruling Communist Party and its allies, but 35% of Sejm members will be freely elected. The pact even provides for opposition media, complete with a newspaper and regular television and radio programming. And in separate negotiations, the government agreed to give the Catholic Church full legal status, a recognition dear to the deeply religious Poles...
...where feminist scholars explored everything from marriage to murder. In school courses, articles and reading groups across the country, women are re-examining all aspects of the law, from teaching materials to fundamental principles. The aim: to uproot the sexism and inequality they feel are inherent in Western legal thought. "The law has been written with men in mind," explains Professor Mary Coombs of the University of Miami Law School. "Feminist jurisprudence puts women at the center and asks, 'To what extent is this doctrine or this area of law designed in a way that implicitly assumes people...
...Feminist legal theory is highly controversial, but it is the most dynamic area of law today. Feminist scholars have pioneered the concept of sexual harassment in the workplace as a violation of civil rights, catalyzed passage of rape shield laws that forbid courtroom inquiries into victims' sexual experience, and expanded the principle of self-defense to cover battered women accused of killing abusive mates...
Feminist scholars are also questioning long-held assumptions in other areas. Catharine MacKinnon, who championed legal redress for sexual harassment on the job, is reframing the debate on pornography. MacKinnon, a visiting professor at Yale Law School, maintains that the central concern is not obscenity but sexual discrimination, because pornography hurts women and violates their civil rights. In a controversial stance that has pitted her against many feminists and civil libertarians, she favors granting injunctions against pornographers who "traffic in materials that can be proven to subordinate women...