Word: leningraders
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...unified and permanent opposition to the Communist Party, or at least its hard-line faction. Organizers include former Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze; Alexander Yakovlev, an adviser to President Mikhail Gorbachev who is sometimes called the "architect of perestroika"; and Mayors Gavril Popov of Moscow and Anatoli Sobchak of Leningrad...
...Bolshoi's main problem, says Marina Nestyeva, an editor at the Moscow monthly Sovetskaya Muzyka, is that at a time when smaller, more venturesome troupes are springing up in the U.S.S.R., and even the rival Kirov Opera of Leningrad is showing new vitality, "they lack the gusto. They do too little, too slowly. Such immobility is simply impermissible these days." Critics take the dilapidated condition of the Bolshoi Theater (which also houses the equally straitened Bolshoi Ballet) as symbolic. Spots have darkened its walls; danger signs hang here and there; the sculpture of a chariot-borne Apollo on its roof...
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin must be turning over in his mausoleum. He was never one for personality cults, but to strip his name from the city that gave birth to the communist revolution is the ultimate repudiation of what he stood for. That is precisely what the residents of Leningrad resolved to do last week. According to preliminary results of a referendum organized by the reformist city council, 55% voted to restore the town's old name of St. Petersburg...
...communist establishment adamantly opposes another name swap. Reluctant to rally behind the widely discredited Lenin, apparatchiks have focused their argument on the dubious notion that a rechristening would dishonor the martyrs of the brutal siege of Leningrad, in which the city withstood a Nazi blockade for 900 days without falling. Functionaries also complain that altering the city's name on street signs, documents and official insignia would cost 150 million rubles...
...undermining the agreement on Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) by removing some military units from the treaty's jurisdiction. Even the location of a potential summit is up in the air: the recent U.S. embassy fire will probably force the two leaders to hold most of their talks in Leningrad. That at least would avoid a touchy problem. Gorbachev advisers have told Washington they don't want Bush to meet with Boris Yeltsin, maverick leader of the Russian republic...