Word: leninism
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...humid Kerala day wears on. The architecture that surrounds him is classically Keralite: the roof is low-slung and pyramidal, and the tiles are red terra-cotta. Egyptian hieroglyphics hang near a miniature print of the Mona Lisa; a pair of Japanese paintings face off against a profile of Lenin. They're mementos of the director's many trips around the global film-festival circuit, reminders that Adoor's movies, like his home, have a local heart but an international soul...
...doctor warns her son that any stress could trigger another heart attack. So he hatches an elaborate plot to convince her that her beloved German Democratic Republic still exists. In Germany, the fall of the Berlin Wall has rarely been played for laughs. But a new film, Goodbye Lenin!, is packing cinemas throughout the country with its wry look at life in newly liberated East Berlin. The film - which has been nominated for six prizes at the Lolas, the German Oscars, awarded in June - has been praised by former Ossis for the accuracy of its depiction of life...
Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov, who used 160 pseudonyms, the most famous being Lenin, woke up at 10:30 a.m. on the day he was to die. About 18 months earlier, he had suffered a massive stroke and never fully recovered, so 10:30 was not so late for the old revolutionary to rise. He had some coffee, but it did not take, and he went back to bed. By evening Lenin was running a high fever, as Oxford historian Robert Service recounts in Lenin: A Biography. Lenin's Bolshevik buddy Nikolai Bukharin was there at the end: "When I ran into...
...cause of death remains uncertain--some say it was syphilis; others say an operation to remove a bullet from his neck damaged him. (He had been shot in 1918 by a young anarchist who was herself promptly shot.) One theory among good communists was that Lenin, who was just 53, had simply worked himself to death; he had driven himself hard, especially for a son of such a prosperous family. (One of his grandfathers had been a landowner with personal control over 40 peasant families...
...Lenin's early death opened the way for the horrors of Stalin. Would Lenin have stopped them? The latest scholarship reminds us that Leninism was a brutal philosophy. As historian Helene d'Encausse wrote in her 2001 biography, "On the threshold of death, Lenin had hardly changed": he never backed away from the one-party, one-ideology, fiercely self-protecting state. When asked once why a group of political foes needed killing, Lenin had replied, "Don't you understand that if we do not shoot these few leaders we may be placed in a position where we would need...