Word: leonid
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Scherbitsky, regarded as a conservative force both in Moscow and his native Ukraine, was the last Politburo member serving from the time of President Leonid I. Brezhnev. His retirement leaves Vitaly I. Vorotnikov of the Russian republic as the only pre-Gorbachev appointee on the 11 man Politburo...
...Soviet inaction appeared to sound the death knell for a policy that took shape under Leonid Brezhnev. After the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, the Soviet Union proclaimed that socialist countries had the right to invade a fellow socialist nation whenever the Communist political monopoly was threatened. The so-called Brezhnev Doctrine justified the tanks rolling into Prague and, by extension, Nikita Khrushchev's intervention in Hungary in 1956. But last December, Gorbachev announced that the "use or threat of force no longer can or must be an instrument of foreign policy...
...effective, the idea of self-reliance and experimentation had to evolve into more than just a prescription issued from the Kremlin. Gorbachev can take satisfaction and possibly draw some political strength from the evidence in Kuzbass and Donbass that workers may be stirring from the "stagnation" of the Leonid Brezhnev years. The daily Sovetskaya Rossiya put it succinctly: "Perestroika, which has until recently been a 'revolution from above,' is getting strong support from below...
...mujahedin, the contras and the Cambodian guerrillas are all foot soldiers of an American policy whose architect has left office -- the Reagan Doctrine. To punish Leonid Brezhnev for fomenting trouble in the Third World back in the 1970s, Ronald Reagan launched a global counteroffensive in the 1980s. By helping to arm virtually any group aiming to topple one of the Kremlin's clients, Reagan gave new force to the old U.S. strategy of "containing" Soviet expansionism...
Whatever reservations Moscow may have about the Polish election, the possibility of Soviet intervention seems extremely remote. Eight years ago, in the heyday of Solidarity's first incarnation, Leonid Brezhnev forced Jaruzelski to break the union. But Gorbachev has long since laid the interventionist Brezhnev Doctrine to rest, repeatedly promising the East * European regimes "mutual respect" and "non-interference in each other's internal affairs." Moreover, Gorbachev considers the reform-minded Jaruzelski an important ally in promoting what he calls "new thinking" throughout the Soviet bloc. Finally, the Soviet leader seems to regard the economic and political experiments in Poland...