Word: less
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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These presidential actions were based on recommendations by the Tariff Commission. Statistics were offered to show that in each case foreign production costs were less than U. S. costs. The President said: "The farmers and others should have the benefit of the Tariff Commission's determination at once...
...specified that carriers could earn 6 per cent on the value of their property as fixed by the I. C. C. All profits above that figure were "recapturable"-half into the carriers' reserve fund, half to an I. C. C. fund for special loans to less profitable roads...
...Fallon claimed that at no time since 1920 was its value less than $1,350,000. The I. C. C. fixed annual values for it ranging from $875,000 to $978,000, on which its profits were computed and an order, the first of its kind, issued compelling the road to pay about $226,000 to the I. C. C.'s fund...
...fixed by the I. C. C. to allow the carriers a profit. The amount of profit depends on valuation. For 15 years the I.C. C. has been tentatively valuing U. S. rail properties. I. C. C. valuations have generally been on the principle of original costs, plus improvements, less depreciation. The carriers have contended for valuations on the basis of reproduction at present price levels ("current reproduction value"), less depreciation. In 1920 the I. C. C. valued U. S. railroads at approximately 19 billion dollars. The roads valued themselves at 30 billions. Both sides agreed that about five billions have...
Psychologically also, courses should receive less emphasis because they tend to substitute a near end for a far end, and blur the student's purpose. As is generally admitted, working for factual course examinations induces memorizing. It emphasizes the method of studying for fact rather than for understanding, because course examinations are apt to be matters of fact. Thus the course system, in the handgrip mouth method of study it inculcates, hinders the student working for a general examination...