Word: lesses
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...surfaces of post-Corbusian designers like Richard Meier, 44, and Charles Gwathmey, 40. In between fall still more manners and interests: the glass caverns of Cesar Pelli, 42; the complicated linguistic play with Pop and history practiced by Robert Venturi, 53, and his firm in Philadelphia; the no less complex, but somewhat less ironic and more playful historicism of Charles Moore, 53, and Robert Stern, 39; the slangy, "high-tech" flexibility of Hugh Hardy, 46, and his firm, Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer; the outright jokiness of Stanley Tigerman...
...main thing they have in common is a fascination with architecture as language. When tradition (including the Modernist tradition) appears in their work, it is quoted rather than adhered to. There is no common style. Above all, they have no uniting ideology, as the Bauhaus or, on a less exalted level, the corporate American architects of the '50s had. Yet they are regularly grouped under one umbrella phrase: Post-Modernism...
...International Style, or the Modern Movement (the two phrases are almost synonymous by now), was its dogmatism. The years 1900 to 1930 bristle with formulas and coercive epigrams: "Form follows function," "The house is a machine for living in," and so forth. Mies van der Rohe's "Less is more" was prefigured by the Viennese architect Adolf Loos' belief, published in Vienna in 1908, that ornament was crime: "We have outgrown ornament!" Loos exclaimed. "See, the time is nigh, freedom awaits us. Soon the streets of the City will glisten like white walls, like Zion, the holy city, the capital...
...reactionary opponent of independence. The colonial yoke was finally sloughed in 1821, and under the constitutions of 1857 and 1917, all church property was seized, monastic orders were prohibited, and each state was empowered to determine how many clergymen could serve in its territory. Though the antagonisms are less virulent today, any government official who enters a church to worship still does so at the risk of ruining his career. A cartoon in the Mexico City newspaper Excélsior last week captured the country's schizophrenia: a government bureaucrat frowns at news of the Pope's visit...
...concerned about the future of women who have to live with marital violence daily." But other feminists were more optimistic. Despite the defeat, said Noreen Connell of the National Organization for Women, "the very fact that there has been such a case" means other married women will now be less hesitant to seek legal remedy if they are sexually assaulted by their husbands...