Word: letterpress
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Finding a Way. Printers were slow to turn to lithography, largely because they already had an excellent process. This was letterpress, a process used by the Chinese at least twelve centuries ago in which ink is transferred to paper from raised type...
Technological advances in letterpress kept pace with the pituitary growth...
...Letterpress's ability to stay abreast of the publishing demand for greater speed relegated lithography to a few humble applications, such as printing picture postcards in which the sunsets were violently pink and skies violently blue. Moreover, a new printing technique called gravure had arisen to fill a growing need for fast color printing. Gravure is the opposite of letterpress. Instead of standing out in relief, the image is etched into the plate, in a series of recesses or wells, which fill with ink and then deposit their ink loads onto paper. On fast rotary presses, gravure made possible...
Justified Lines. Crisply attractive, the new 5?, 32-page Middletown Daily Record looked different-and it is. The paper is the first sizable venture in daily publishing by a "cold type" photo-offset process instead of conventional letterpress printing. The process uses no hot metal, no Linotype machines, no matrixes or engraved plates. Copy is typed on special typewriters that print "justified" lines, i.e., they fill out each line flush to the right-hand margin. Then it is pasted on a sheet, photographed and printed on an aluminum plate, much as a photographic negative is printed. Mounted on a press...
...Kodak engineers who labored jointly on the project for ten years. An electronic "computer," it automatically transmutes color transparencies (Kodachrome, Ektachrome, etc.) into four separate negatives (one for each color) from which engravings or lithographic plates are made for four-color printing. Other Springdale firsts include an aluminum-backed letterpress plate, an internal lockup plate cylinder, a high-speed bindery, and the "balanced light"illuminator...