Word: leukemias
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Extracting viable T cells from their young patient, Anderson and Blaese exposed them to mouse leukemia retro-viruses into which human ADA genes had been spliced. The retroviruses, rendered harmless by genetic engineering, were the vectors, the vehicles that would deliver the genes to their target. They invaded the T cells and, as retroviruses are wont to do, burrowed into the T- cell DNA, carrying the ADA gene with them. Finally, a billion or so T cells, now equipped with ADA genes and floating in the gray solution suspended above the little girl's bed in Bethesda, were dripped into...
...scientists laboring in the National Cancer Institute's screening program have injected more than 400,000 chemicals into leukemic mice, hoping to find chemotherapies that would help solve the riddles of cancer. All that frustrating work has produced only 36 licensed drugs. Most of them, while dramatically effective against leukemia, have shown only modest value in other forms of cancer. "Maybe," says David Korn, chairman of the National Cancer Institute's advisory board, "we've been using the wrong system as the screening device...
Maybe so. In a radical departure from the traditional methods, researchers have swapped their mice for a procedure that they hope will detect a drug's potency not only against leukemia but also in scores of different types of cancer cells. The new effort, which is being employed at the Developmental Therapeutics Program in Frederick, Md., uses an arsenal of automated devices and computers to test potential cancer-fighting drugs on real human cancer cells, grown in laboratories, rather than on mice. This enables scientists to test more than 300 chemicals a week. Many of these drugs had failed...
...time, the assumption was that cancer cells shared common characteristics and that therefore a drug effective against leukemia would kill, say, cancerous lung cells as well. With mouse screening, that technique brought solid advances in leukemia chemotherapy but yielded mixed results in other forms of cancer...
Jean-Pierre Bosze is not likely to be alive a year from now if he does not receive a bone-marrow transplant. Diagnosed with leukemia in 1988, the 12- year-old boy from Hoffman Estates, Ill., has searched in vain for a suitable donor. His father Tamas, his mother and other relatives have had their blood tested, but none has the right type. His doctors have consulted the National Marrow Donor Program of 180,000 potential donors, but the odds of unrelated people matching...