Word: liberians
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...unions, the U.S. long ago virtually priced itself out of the ocean cargo transport business. According to the U.S. Maritime Administration, the daily operating cost on a 90,000-dead-weight-ton U.S. ship is $14,300, v. $10,800 for a Norwegian and $9,700 for some Liberian-flag ships. Over the years, dozens of American shipowners have switched their colors to the so-called flags of convenience, notably Panama and Liberia, whose regulations allow owners to pay lower wages and require fewer costly safety measures. The result has been a long, steep decline in the U.S. merchant fleet...
...convention jettisoning that once common rule as unfair. Partly because cargo interests were worried about other aspects of the convention, the U.S. Senate never acted, and U.S. courts for the most part have reluctantly followed precedent. For example, when the Navy tanker Mission San Francisco was rammed by the Liberian freighter S.S. Elna II, a circuit court of appeals decided that the San Francisco's "faults were grave," but "with regret" divided the $3.8 million damages...
...night Tolbert slept in the slums of Monrovia and announced next day a program of "mats to mattresses" aimed at giving every Liberian a proper bed. As a means of developing the backward and neglected interior, he called for a year-long "national rally" to raise $10 million in development funds before his 60th birthday next month. The goal was utterly unrealistic; by last week the campaign had collected less than $2,000,000, including $250,000 cajoled from the Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., the country's largest employer. But Tolbert defends his fund raising as a symbolic success...
...more than 35 million tons from Persian Gulf fields up the Red Sea to the port of Eilat. The southern part of this supply line has never been really safe, however. That was demonstrated in 1971, when a small group of fedayeen armed with bazookas attacked the Israel-bound Liberian tanker Coral Sea as it passed through the ten-mile-wide strait of Bab el Mandeb (Gate of Tears). The attack prompted an audacious -and secret-Israeli countermove...
After a sleepless nine-hour flight to Liberia, followed by a frenetic twelve-hour day of state activities, she told a news conference: "Being First Lady is the hardest unpaid job in the world." The eager, enthusiastic Liberians helped prove her point. She was greeted by Tolbert in a red-carpet ceremony complete with the ruffles and flourishes and 19-gun salute usually reserved for a head of government. Dressed in red, white and blue, she kept solemn step with the military tattoo as she reviewed the Liberian honor guard. Following the ceremony, she rode at Tolbert's side...