Word: libya
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...dropped Marxism-Leninism as the state ideology and vowed to support private enterprise. Nicaragua, which over the past year has watched Moscow turn off the arms spigot, is in the final throes of an election process that, whatever the outcome, shows promise of being a legitimate democratic exercise. Even Libya's erratic Muammar Gaddafi, a regular Soviet arms customer, is cultivating closer ties with moderate Arab leaders. Most Soviet client states are making similar adjustments to accommodate the fast-changing times. A look at some of the most important...
Generals and admirals for centuries have been notorious for planning to fight the last war. American military men are no different; for 45 years they have prepared for a Soviet version of the blitzkrieg. Panama, Grenada, Libya, even Korea and Viet Nam were all essentially sideshows. The Big One, if it ever came, would begin with the Warsaw Pact's tank and armored columns charging across the Fulda Gap into West Germany, starting a conflict that could escalate to a nuclear Armageddon. The effort to deter or defeat a Soviet invasion of Western Europe shaped almost everything about...
...essentially one battle group apiece, plus replacements and training fleets, for the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Mediterranean. That would still allow it to fulfill its traditional assignments of keeping sea-lanes open, as in the Persian Gulf, or striking quickly at a distant foe, like Libya. But the admirals will have to give up former Navy Secretary John Lehman's "maritime strategy," which sought to send U.S. warships into Soviet waters to launch strikes against targets deep inside the U.S.S.R. Saving: $21 billion...
...concerning Berlin. The rights are resented even if they go unused, as has been the case with death sentences, and more so when used, as happened in 1988 when a U.S. eavesdropping operation exposed the fact that a West German firm was helping build a poison-gas plant in Libya...
...advises comes naturally: as a boy, he wrote for The Log of the West Wind, the paper at his summer camp, and he was later sports editor for the Harvard Crimson. After graduating with a degree in American history, he joined the Peace Corps and taught English in Libya and Tunisia. Columbia Law School followed, and in 1976 Marshall joined TIME...