Word: lifting
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Just as the exterior symbolized to Saarinen "the excitement of the trip," so the interior suggests the constant flow of human traffic. To Saarinen. form did not merely follow function-it was also meant to lift the spirit: "Architecture is not just to fulfill man's need for shelter, but also to fulfill man's belief in the nobility of his existence on earth...
...their wings in flight. The straight, thick wings that got their ships off the ground served equally well in low-speed flight. But as airplanes became faster, their wings had to be thinned down and shortened to cut drag at high speed. And since thinner, shorter wings have less lift, the new fast planes needed longer runs to get them off the ground. When airplane speeds were boosted by jet engines, designers resorted to swept-back wings, which function better up near and above the speed of sound...
False Start. The obvious solution was an airplane with wings that could be changed in flight. Several planes of this type were built and rejected; they flew, but not well. Principal trouble was that when their wings were slanted backward, they applied their lift far backward too. Control became all but impossible...
...Stack and his group started all over again. They finally designed an odd-looking airplane with unusually wide, thick fixed wing roots. Only the outer segment of the wing is movable. On take-off the wingtips are extended, and since they, too, are fairly thick, they give plenty of lift, allowing the plane to take off at slow speeds. As speed increases, the wingtips are slanted farther and farther backward...
...point at which their lift is applied is only slightly shifted. Part of each wingtip swings into its wing root and ceases to produce lift. The part still exposed also loses lift because the airstream, slanting over it diagonally, is less disturbed by its thickness. Only the fixed wing roots do not change. When the airplane reaches top speed, with wings folded far back, the wide wing roots take over much of the lifting...