Word: lipids
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...research team discovered that the fetal lung generally matures around the 35th week of pregnancy. This development is signaled by a change in the amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. At that point, the level of a phospholipid known as lecithin usually rises sharply and surpasses the level of another lipid, sphingomyelin. To determine if this has occurred normally, the Gluck test uses transabdominal amniocentesis, a technique that involves inserting a sterile needle through the abdomen into the womb, drawing off a sample of amniotic fluid and measuring the lipid levels...
...Uzman showed that analysis of fat-like lipid, kerasin, as performed over the previous 40 years, was not enough to explain the peculiar Gaucher cells, sign of the disease. It is also necessary to analyse the deranged metabolism of cell proteins, believed to have an abormal affinity for kerasin. Kerasin is stored in the spleen and causes its enlargement, as well as enlargement of lymph nodes...
Also while at the Children's Cancer Research Foundation, an affiliate of the Children's Hospital Medical Center, Dr. Uzman investigated another so-called lipid storage disease, gargoylism, a rare disease producing gargoyle-like deformities of face and body as well as disorders of brain, liver, and spleen. The disease is inborn and leads to mental deficiency...
Gargoylism previously had been thought to be primarily a lipid disease, but Dr. Uzman in 1955 reported that it involves an abnormality in the metabolism of certain polysaccharides, or starches, used in tissue-building...
...Gofman is not impressed. "I still think the lipid [fat] process comes first," he says. "If at any. given time you look at an artery that has been damaged by arteriosclerosis and find no signs of lipid substance, the tendency is to conclude that no lipid has existed. But there is strong evidence for believing that the lipid may have come first, starting the process, and then disappeared...