Word: liquidity
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...luck seemed behind the spacecraft at last. Forgotten for the moment was the mare's nest of trouble that had postponed the flight for two days. Fuel cells running low on fuel, liquid hydrogen boiling uselessly away, telemetering equipment turned suddenly unreliable, fire near the launch pad, thunderstorms aloft−all seemed problems of the past. Now everything was going well; Gemini's orbit was incredibly exact. "Everything is fine," reported Command Pilot Gordon Cooper. "You are go! You are go!" exulted Astronaut Jim McDivitt, capsule communicator in the Mission Control Center near Houston...
...that inflammable gas, he said. early-morning explosion at the , which is operated jointly Harvard and M.I.T., injured 7 and killed a 19-year-old technology At the time of the blast, the chamber was in the final stages of a program for cooling it and filling it with liquid hydrogen that was being tried for the first time...
...catastrophic failures out of five firings, an accidental explosion on a test stand, a three-year lag in the development schedule, and a $552 million price tag have all earned NASA's liquid-hydrogen-fueled Centaur rocket such derisive nicknames as "the Hangar Queen" and "the Edsel of the Missile Industry." But as it separated from its Atlas booster and ignited in a burst of pale blue flame high above the Atlantic Ocean last week, Centaur took on its proper dignity. The most powerful rocket of its size in the world, built to fire a one-ton Surveyor spacecraft...
...that made up one picture. And by the time the signals reached a tracking station, they were no stronger than one-billionth of one-billionth of a watt. Those faint whispers were picked up by big-dish antennas and amplified a thousand times as they were piped through a liquid helium maser. So slow was the transmission rate that no complete picture could be received at any one tracking station. As the Earth's rotation carried one station out of range, another moved into position to collect the rest of the message...
...Liquid hydrogen is the fuel for two important U.S. rocket engines-Pratt & Whitney's RL-10 and Rocketdyne's J2. The RL-10 powers the second stage of Saturn 1, scheduled for early Apollo flights; two RL-10s combine to form the Centaur stage of the Atlas-Centaur system built to soft-land Surveyor spacecraft on the moon. J-2 forms the second and third stages of the Saturn V designed for Apollo's man-carrying lunar missions. In the near future, violent but versatile liquid hydrogen may become still more familiar as a fuel for supersonic...