Word: lithium
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Several stars or star clusters showing inexplicably wide deviations in their chemical composition. In some cases, they varied vastly in the amount of lithium and beryllium they contained, and one star (3 Centauri A) contained 100 times more phosphorus than the sun. The discovery poses the still unanswered question: Why do stars have such different contents if, as is generally supposed, they were all formed by similar processes...
...there would be little excitement. But U-235 is not an ordinary commodity; only a few-pounds, perhaps less, are now required to make the detonator for a hydrogen bomb that can smash the world's biggest city. The other nuclear ingredients of such bombs, deuterium and lithium 6, are comparatively easy to come by. High skill and knowledge are needed to assemble these devices, but both can be acquired by any purposeful nation, however small...
...Dust. Oxygen alone is not enough. As the crew breathes, it contaminates the air with exhaled carbon dioxide. In older subs the way to get rid of it was to absorb most of it in a caustic such as lithium hydroxide. The nuclear subs must have a far more elaborate system: secondhand air is passed through a liquid containing monoethanolamine, which absorbs carbon dioxide at room temperature, is then heated, and releases the gas so that it can be piped...