Word: lithium
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...trillionth of a part of a foreign substance in anything presented to its wrenching beam. Last week's triumph of Professor Allison was his ability to state that eka-cesium had six very similar forms or isotopes. No. 87 belongs to the base-forming family of elements which include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium. Professor Allison, 50, asked scientists to call the element virginium. after the State of his birth. He asked them to call Element No. 85 ?a halogen with fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine?alabamine, after the State whose Polytechnic Institute at Auburn he has headed...
...Dmitri Ivanovitch Mendeleeff arranged the 92 elements in a periodic table according to weight. The late Henry Gwyn-Jeffreys Moseley found that each atomic number corresponded to the number of negatively charged electrons outside the nucleus. Element No. 1, hydrogen, has one such electron; No. 2, helium, has two; lithium, No. 3, three. . . . For each negative electron the nucleus of an atom must contain a positively charged proton. And, except in hydrogen, all nuclei were found to contain more protons than were electrons around them. The additional necessary electrons were found in the nucleus. Lithium, with three electrons outside...
Beryllium, next to lithium, is the lightest metal, only 1.84 times as heavy as water, two-thirds as heavy as aluminum. Re-search into means of producing it for less than $100 per Ib. has been spurred by aviation's need of light, strong metals. If a statement last week by Alfred Schwarz, Manhattan businessman, one-time Green Cananea Co. metallurgist, proves true, a great new metal industry may be launched. His statement: that he can, by a process of his invention, make pure beryllium...
...until the 19th century did pyrotechny make big advances. Prior to this time saltpetre, carbon, sulphur made up the colorless displays. As various metal salts were discovered they were introduced to make colors in fireworks. Strontium and lithium salts give red: barium and copper, green; other copper salts blue. Last great advance was the discovery that magnesium and aluminum salts impart white brilliance to fireworks...
...cesium in certain salts they had reduced from lepidolite, a form of mica, and pollucite, a mineral consisting chiefly of cesium, aluminum and silicon. When they break down their salts they will get a soft silvery-white metal which will look and react much as do the alkali metals lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium. When eka-cesium is isolated, then Messrs. Allison & Murphy will have the pleasant problem of naming it. The recent tendency for such names has been after places-hafnium (1922) for Hafnia (Copenhagen), masurium (1924) for the Masurian Lakes, rhenium (1924) for the Rhine, illinium...