Word: liu
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Last week was particularly rewarding for Peking poster watchers. On Mao's 73rd birthday there appeared, crying aloud, though presumably writ small, since it was 3,000 words in length, the "confession" of President Liu Shao-chi, Mao's principal antagonist in his effort to "purify" Chinese Communism. Liu's "self-criticism," a long-practiced art among Chinese Communists, traced a litany of "sins" reaching back...
Ideological Defect. The burden of Liu's self-denunciation turned on his "lack of understanding" and "miscalculation" of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution-in other words, his opposition to Mao. Now, he said, "I have decided to submit faithfully to the regulations of the party and not to be of two minds in party matters." It all sounded definitively abject-the words of a vanquished...
...Guard introduction to the poster said that Liu had made his confession last October at a party caucus. And for all the Red Guard denunciations before and since, Liu is still President of China. The conclusion of Sinologists: Mao's opposition, including such "revisionists" as Party Secretary Teng Hsiao-ping, is still too powerfully entrenched in the party apparatus, still has too much of a following in the countryside to be summarily ousted...
...posting of Liu's confession seemed aimed at rousing public ire against him and strengthening Mao's hand. The next day, some 100,000 Red Guards poured into the Peking Workers' Athletic Hall for "A Rally for Thoroughly Criticizing Liu and Teng for Their Bourgeois Reactionary Lines." The youngsters boomed approval when speaker after speaker denounced Liu as "the Khrushchev of China," the "boss of the capitalist class," and warned that unless the Liu-Teng platforms were banished, "China itself might fade away." Clearly, the Guards were pressing for a showdown...
Sharp and bloody clashes between anti-Mao army units and pro-Mao Red Guards have been confirmed in half a dozen provinces. While pro-Mao Red Guards continue to flood Peking with "big character" posters denouncing Liu and Teng, some anti-Lin posters have mysteriously begun appearing. One version of the struggle has it that Lin in fact wants all the Red Guards out of Peking except the ones he can count on; he has urged the latter, privately, to stick around. The indisputable fact is that, for all the railings of the Guards against them, both Liu and Teng...